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APPLIUATION FILED HAY 9, 1903.

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UNITED STATES FATEN T OFFICE CHARLES SCHWEIZER, OF MAPLEWOOI), MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN HEATING COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A': CORPORATION OF MAINE.

FURNACE To all, whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, CHARLES SCHWEIZER,

a citizen of the United States, residing at- Maplewood, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented c ertain new and useful Im rovements in Furnaces and I do hereby dieclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to means for effecting complete combustion of fuel, and thus utilizing its full caloric capacity; and it consists in the constructions, combinations, and arrangements hereinafter described and claimed.

Broadly stated, the invention comprehends the principle ofthe admission of air to various parts of the construction to facilitate combustion.

More specifically, it comprehends a firebox with means for shuntinga portion of the products ofcombustion directly to the boiler, and a partition-wall in the rear of the firebox provided with restricted passages therethrough, combined with means constructed to direct the products issuin from the firebox u ward into contact wit the .partitionwall a ove the passages therein,'prior to their escape therethrough.

Further and more specic details will presently appear.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a sectional elevation, partly broken away, showing a furnace constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2 is a sectional view, partly broken away on the line x`x of Fig. 1 Fig. 3 is a sectional view, partly broken away on the line y-Jy ofFig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a detail view of one of the fire-bricks, used in the construction of the walls of the fire-box.

Referring to the drawings: A represents an ordinary type of tubular boiler, inclosed within any suitable form of brick setting. Beneath the forward end of the boiler is located a fire-box B, provided with the usual fire-door or doors b2.. The two side walls of the fire-box are shown formed of hollow bricks or refractory blocks 54, blz. The lower Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 9, 1903.

Patented June 9, 1 908. Serial No. 156,484.

through openings b, and with the bricks b4 r by openings b1, as clearly shown in Fig. l. The ash-pit b5 is provided with the usual ashdoor 511 and draft-opening b3. Directly above and preferably resting upon the bricks 54 are the fire-bricks 512, openings 613 forming communication between the hollow interiors of the bricks b4 and Z112.

Sup orted upon the tops of the fire-bricks re erably one long, inverted, fire-brick, ho low cradle-arch C, desirably formed in two sections C2 held together by a `suitable locking-joint, or otherwise, as desired but it is obvious that, instead of one long cradle-arch, a number of shorter ones may be em loyed to span the fire-box, and that, instea of being inverted, the arch or arches may be in the ordinary position. In the upper concave surface of the arch are apertures c2, and the lower portion of the arch is provided with apertures c?, communicating with the interior of the hollow bricks 512, and with other apertures c4 communicating with the firebox B.

The perforations c2 in the arch are properly spaced to permit access Aof the heat to the boiler from the fire-box, thus ever to keep the boiler warm at this end. If desired, the boiler may be arranged so that the curve of the arch will be somewhat removed therefrom to allow freer access of heat. It will be noted that the passages or perforations c2 in connection with the passages .04, practically form the arch into a series of spaced arches.

A duct or air-chamber D is arranged behind the fire-box in a vertical partition-wall I, which latter is located to the rear of a bridge-wall J; said duct communicating with the two adjacent foundation iire-bricks 57 throu h pi es d. The air-duct D is thus furnishe wit air from the hollow interiors of the bricks 5"; but, if desired, the air-duct may be otherwise supplied with air, as by being open at each end to the outside atmosphere. Supported upon the duct D are hollow,

spaced air-blocks IC, provided with lateral erforations c, the blocks and the air-cl'iam- )er communicating by an opening e2. The air-blocks E may lie Hat, or may be slantiiig, l or inclined forward,'as the settinffpf the boiler may require; but they must always be r arranged to leave restricted spaces or passages therethrough. The duct l) and blocks E are `preferably located in the partition-wall I a short distanceI behind the bridge-wall J in furnaces where heavy firing is employed., which would tend to injure or destroy the bricks if placed nearer the fire-box, but, with light firing, it is obvious that the air-chamber or duct and the hollow air-blocks may rest upon the to of the bridgewall; all as the exiencies of t ie situations may require.

Above the boiler may be provided a bypass or escape-flue F. A deflector-plate or shutter f, pivoted to the upper end of the boiler, provides means for either directing the heated' gases from the chamber Gr, beneath the rear portion of the boiler through the boiler-tubes, or permitting them to pass through the flue F directly to the chimney 5 it being understood that the shutter is open under ordinary steaming and closed only in case of emergency, to prevent increasing pressure within the boiler, or to obviate the necessity of banking or drawing the fire. Analogous means to the shutter or defleetorplate, such as a valve, may be employed to subserve the same function.

In the operation of my invention, fire being started upon the grate, the major ortion of the heated gases passes over the lbridgewall J and is directed by the bridge-wall against the partition-wall I, from whence, recoiling and whirling7 they are thoroughly intermixed and a portion of the unconsumed products in the gases is consumed thereby; and thence escape througlh the restricted lateral passa es between t e blocks E, where they are intimately intermin led with air supplied from the air-chamber thus securing the most favorable conditions for complete combustion of any unconsumed products in the hot gases, and actually effecting complete combustion of all the unconsurned products in the gases; and it will be noted that in passing through the restricted passages the gases, commingled with the air, are compressed, as it were, this being an important step in effecting ideal combustion. From the blocks E, the products of combustion pass into the chamber G beneath the boiler and then upward to and throu h the boiler-tubes to the chimney or smokeue H.

It will be noted that the bridge-wall J extends upward a sufficient distance to direct and gulde the products of combustion upward thereover and against the artitionwall I before they pass through t e spaced blocks E, so that the products will recoil from the partition-wall and, whirling, ellect thorl ough intern'iingling and combustion o'l' a pon tion of the unconsurm-,d products in the gases reaching this point; thence the gases, compressed and mingled. with the air, pass through the spaced blocks E, where a further combustion of' unconsumed products takes place.

The smaller portion of the heated gases passes directly upward 'from the lircbox into the spaced arches C, where they are intimately interi'niXed with hot air from the hollow side-walls to insure complete combustion. From the hollow arches the products issue through the apertures c2 and flow around the boiler shell to the chimney II. It will be understood that the air flowing through the hollow side-walls acts to reduce their temperature and prevent injurious over heating.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim is:

l. In a boiler-furnace, the combination of a fire-box, means constructed to supply air for combustion, passages arranged to shunt a portion of the products of combustion directly from the rire-box to the boiler, airpassages disposed in the walls of the fire-box and provided with apertures arranged to permit admiXture of air with such shunted portion of theproducts, spaced, hollowperforated blocks arranged in the path of the remaining products, and an air-pipe connecting said airpassages and spaced, hollow blocks, whereby air is intimately intermingled with such products during their passage through the spaced blocks.

2. In a boiler-furnace, the combination of a ire'box, means constructed to supply air for combustion, passages arranged to shunt a portion ofthe products of combustion directly from the :fire box to the boiler, air-passages disposed in the walls of the rire-box and provided with apertures arranged to permit admixture of air with such shunted portion of the products, spaced, hollow erforated blocks arranged in the path of tlie remaining products, an air-distributing chamber extending beneath and communicating with the hollow blocks, and conduits connecting said air-passages and the said 'airdistributing chamber.

3. In a boiler-furnace, the combination of a fire-box, means constructed to supply air for combustion, passages arranged to shunt a portion of the products of combustion directly from the fire-box to the boiler, airpassages disposed in the walls of the fire-boX and provided with apertures arranged to permit admixture of air with such shunted portion of the products, a passage arranged to lead the remaining products from the irebox through the boiler-tubes and along the ucts either through the `boiler-tubes or along boiler-shell, spaced7 hollow, laterally-perits shell. 10

forated blocks arranged in the path of such In testimony Whereof,I affix my signature,

remaining products, means constructed to in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. 5 intermingle air with such remaining products CHARLES SCHWEIZER.

during their passage through said blocks, Witnesses:

and a damper disposed in the passage and EDMUND H. PARRY,

constructed to direct suchremaining prod- JAMES H. MELLEN. 

